Above the back part of the trochlea is a deep triangular depression, the olecranon fossa, in which the summit of the olecranon is received in extension of the forearm. 0.01 points Humerus Proximal epiphysis eBook Shaft (diaphysis) References Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Head Deltoid tuberosity Distal epiphysis Reset Zoom The fingers and thumb contain a total of 14 phalanges. In contrast, the subscapularis muscle inserts onto the lesser tubercle and works to medially, or internally, rotate the humerus. Total Points. The labels include periosteum, compact bone, nutrient artery & vein, medullary cavity, yellow bone marrow, endosteum, epiphyseal line, and spongy bone with red bone marrow. Your humerus consists of several parts that allow you to move your arm in different directions. Posterior view. Humerus Bone Quiz – Anterior Markings. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). The coronoid fossa is smaller than the olecranon fossa and receives the coronoid process of the ulna during maximum flexion of the elbow. 1.1 long bone (humerus) [6] The medial humeral head develops an ossification center around 4 months of age and the greater tuberosity around 10 months of age. One of us! It is inserted on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus and has several actions including abduction, extension, and circumduction of the shoulder. Today 's Points. The Medial supracondylar crest forms the sharp medial border of the distal humerus continuing superiorly from the medial epicondyle. Signs and symptoms of this dislocation include a loss of the normal shoulder contour and a palpable depression under the acromion. This is the large, round, smooth region that faces medially. The humerus is the largest bone of the upper limb. Posterior view. (The biceps do not attach to the humerus.) Humerus is the largest of the bones in the arm. Above the front part of the capitulum is a slight depression, the radial fossa, which receives the anterior border of the head of the radius, when the forearm is flexed. Primitive fossils of amphibians had little, if any, shaft connecting the upper and lower extremities, making their limbs very short. The lesser tubercle (tuberculum minus; lesser tuberosity) is smaller, anterolaterally placed to the head of the humerus. Because it connects at the shoulder with a rotational joint, the humerus is instrumental in supporting many of the arm’s functions. Illustration of chart, healthy, graphic - 148818079 The distal or lower extremity of the humerus is flattened from before backward, and curved slightly forward; it ends below in a broad, articular surface, which is divided into two parts by a slight ridge. The greater tubercle is where supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles are attached. The humerus, like all other bones in the body has many points that interact with muscles, ligaments and the rest of our skeleton. Deep dissection. The proximal end is rounded, while the distal end is ventrodorsally flattened. Structure of human bones explained 1. A long bone is one that is cylindrical in shape, being longer than it is wide.Keep in mind, however, that the term describes the shape of a bone, not its size. Figure 6.3.6 – Diagram of Compact Bone: (a) This cross-sectional view of compact bone shows several osteons, the basic structural unit of compact bone. 9. Skeleton anatomy scheme with greater tubercle, deltoid tuberosity, medial epicondyle, trochlea and other parts. Both these tubercles are found in the proximal part of the shaft. This means it is also one of the most commonly broken or fractured. below it, to the teres minor muscle. Left elbow-joint, showing anterior and ulnar collateral ligaments. Endangered structures In long bones, as you move from the outer cortical compact bone to the inner medullary cavity, the bone transitions to spongy bone. For each item below, use the pull-down menu to select the letter that labels the correct part of the image. 0. All rights reserved. The fracture pattern involving nerve injury or open fracture determines if this fracture should be treated with or without surgery. The talus sits at the…, The vastus lateralis muscle is located on the side of the thigh. It is best marked in the lower half of its circumference; in the upper half it is represented by a narrow groove separating the head from the tubercles. This is where the lateral head of triceps brachii is attached. The triceps brachii and anconeus extend the elbow, and attach to the posterior side of the humerus. The upper portion of the humerus has a round head, a thin neck, and two tubercles. A) radius B) manubrium C) humerus D) femur E) clavicle The grooved portion of the articular surface fits accurately within the semilunar notch of the ulna; it is broader and deeper on the posterior than on the anterior aspect of the bone, and is inclined obliquely downward and forward toward the medial side. There is a deep groove called the intertubercular sulc… The epicondyles are continuous above with the supracondylar ridges. It is deep and narrow above, and becomes shallow and a little broader as it descends. The structure of a long bone allows for the best visualization of all of the parts of a bone ().A long bone has two parts: the diaphysis and the epiphysis.The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The base of the hand contains eight bones, each called a carpal bone, and the palm of the hand is formed by five bones, each called a metacarpal bone. Human anatomy. Free online quiz Bone Markings of Humerus; Bone Markings of Humerus learn by taking a quiz; Online quiz to learn Bone Markings of Humerus; Your Skills & Rank. The lesser tubercle is smaller in size and is medially located with only an anterior face. Anterior view. 2. Today's Rank--0. These fossæ are separated from one another by a thin, transparent lamina of bone, which is sometimes perforated by a supratrochlear foramen; they are lined in the fresh state by the synovial membrane of the elbow-joint, and their margins afford attachment to the anterior and posterior ligaments of this articulation. Fracture of the anatomical neck rarely occurs.[2]. It has a long cylindrical shaft with expanded ends. The ulnar nerve lies at the distal end of the humerus near the elbow. Humerus - inferior epiphysis. It runs obliquely downward, and ends near the junction of the upper with the middle third of the bone. The supraspinatus also originates on the spine of the scapula. The crest of the lesser tubercle forms the medial lip of the bicipital groove and is the site for insertion of teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles. The humerus is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. The red bone marrow inside larger bones, such as the scapulae, is the site of production of red blood cells. The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis (which attaches distally) act to flex the elbow. This cuff stabilizes the very mobile but inherently unstable glenohumeral joint. The axillary nerve is located at the proximal end, against the shoulder girdle. Gross Anatomy of Bone. Back and front view. The deltoid originates on the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and the crest of the spine of the scapula. The coronoid fossa is the medial hollow part on the anterior surface of the distal humerus. The posterorsuperior part of the shaft has a crest, beginning just below the surgical neck of the humerus and extends till the superior tip of the deltoid tuberosity. Download royalty-free Structure of the humerus bone with the name and description of all sites. Label the general class of bone. Ossification of the humerus occurs predictably in the embryo and fetus, and is therefore used as a fetal biometric measurement when determining gestational age of a fetus. Get started! When you are taking anatomy and physiology you will be required to know the anatomical structure locations of the humerus bone. Elbow joint. You need to get 100% to score the 9 points available. The humerus (/ˈhjuːmərəs/, plural: humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. The anatomical neck of the humerus is an indentation distal to the head of the humerus on which the articular capsule attaches. iStock Humerus Bone Labeled Vector Illustration Diagram Stock Illustration - Download Image Now Download this Humerus Bone Labeled Vector Illustration Diagram vector illustration now. Humerus bone quiz for anatomy and physiology! It is directed upward, medialward, and a little backward, and articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint). Anterior view. Your humerus is the long bone in your upper arm that's located between your elbow and shoulder. The base of the hand contains eight carpal bones, and the palm of the hand is formed by five metacarpal bones. As well as its true anatomical neck, the constriction below the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is referred to as its surgical neck due to its tendency to fracture, thus often becoming the focus of surgeons. Humerus Bone Quiz – Anterior Markings. The process of ossification is complete by 13 years of age, though the epiphyseal plate (growth plate) persists until skeletal maturity, usually around 17 years of age. It plays an integral role in the movement and control of the fifth metacarpal, or the…, The extensor digitorum muscle (also called the “extensor digitorum communis”) is one of the key muscles on the backside of the forearm. It is the site where three of the rotator cuff muscles the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus and the teres minor attach themselves. You need to … The epiphyses are cartilaginous at birth. Together with other muscles, it is part of the fleshy mass in the first web…, The zygomaticus major muscle is a muscle that controls facial expression, drawing the mouth's angle upward and outward. The lateral surface of the greater tubercle is convex, rough, and continuous with the lateral surface of the body.[2]. One of us! Swipe for labels. 1. Fracture of the anatomical neck rarely occurs. Human anatomy. It makes contact with the axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery. A humerus shaft fracture occurs in the middle of the humerus bone. With increasing age some bone marrow changes from 'red bone marrow' to 'yellow bone marrow'. Deep dissection. When struck, it can cause a distinct tingling sensation, and sometimes a significant amount of pain. The lateral portion of this surface consists of a smooth, rounded eminence, named the capitulum of the humerus; it articulates with the cup-shaped depression on the head of the radius, and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone. Skeleton anatomy scheme with greater tubercle, deltoid tuberosity, medial epicondyle, trochlea and other parts. This results in separation of one or both of the condyles from the shaft of the humerus. For example, the humerus supports all lifting and physical activities. Bone structure of humerus Known as: HUMERUS , Bone, Humeral , Upper extremity>Humerus Expand Bone in humans and primates extending from the … stock vector 271589772 from Depositphotos collection of millions of premium high-resolution stock photos, vector images and illustrations. Intercondylar fracture. [2] However at the upper end, the 'head' (ball) articular surface points somewhat backward and not just to the side. Anterior view. Today's Rank--0. More distally, at the elbow, the capitulum of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius, and the trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna. Humerus. The left shoulder and acromioclavicular joints, and the proper ligaments of the scapula. The body is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. The Lateral Supracondylar crest forms the sharp lateral border of the distal humerus continuing superiorly from the lateral epicondyle.[3]. Game Points. (Red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets are described on structure and functions of blood.) The crest of the greater tubercle forms the lateral lip of the bicipital groove and is the site for insertion of pectoralis major. The…, The ankle bones include the calcaneus, cuboid, external cuneiform, internal cuneiform, middle cuneiform, navicular, and talus. Anatomy of the Humerus bone: At its proximal end, the humerus is attached to the axial skeletal by the shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle, which consists of the scapula and clavicle bones. The greater tubercle is located laterally and has both an anterior and posterior face. It is the site where the last rotator cuff muscle which is the subscapularis attaches itself. The trochlea is spool-shaped medial portion of the distal humerus and articulates with the ulna. The most proximal portion of the humerus is the head of the humerus, which … Posterior surface: the area between the medial and lateral borders. The radial sulcus, also known as the spiral groove is found on the posterior surface of the shaft and is a shallow oblique groove through which the radial nerve passes along with deep vessels. Total Points. The extensor…. [citation needed]. It is sometimes popularly referred to as 'the funny bone', possibly due to this sensation (a "funny" feeling), as well as the fact that the bone's name is a homophone of 'humorous'. Humerus - superior epiphysis. Long bone type in the upper arm. Humerus - superior epiphysis. These ossification centers begin to fuse at 3 years of age. A problem with which of the following would most likely contribute to this condition? In most living tetrapods, however, the humerus has a similar form to that of humans. Humerus Bone Quiz – Anterior Markings. The infraspinatus and teres minor insert on the greater tubercle, and work to laterally, or externally, rotate the humerus. Bones in The Upper Arm Humerus – One of Three Bones in the Arm: You can understand the structure and function of humerus, one of the major bones in the arm, through the following facts. The lesser tuberosity, is more prominent than the greater: it is situated in front, and is directed medialward and forward. The following image gets into a little more detail in regard to human long bone structure. Start Quiz Retake Quiz. At its proximal end is the head of the humerus. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Animation. Posterior aspect. Written by the Healthline Editorial Team. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). A temporary splint is used to treat it non-operatively, which … It is not to be confused with, "Ossification center of the humeral shaft in the human fetus: a CT, digital, and statistical study", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Humerus&oldid=993846670, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Anterolateral surface: the area between the lateral border of the humerus to the line drawn as a continuation of the crest of the greater tubercle. Its lips are called, respectively, the crests of the greater and lesser tubercles (bicipital ridges), and form the upper parts of the anterior and medial borders of the body of the bone.[2]. Capsule of elbow-joint (distended). Diagram of the human shoulder joint, front view, Diagram of the human shoulder joint, back view. [4] It lies posterior to the medial epicondyle, and is easily damaged in elbow injuries. [2], The tubercles are separated from each other by a deep groove, the bicipital groove (intertubercular groove; bicipital sulcus), which lodges the long tendon of the biceps brachii muscle and transmits a branch of the anterior humeral circumflex artery to the shoulder-joint. The greater tubercle is just lateral to the anatomical neck. © 2005-2020 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. The nutrient foramen of the humerus is located in the anteromedial surface of the humerus. The humerus is the foundation to which many muscles insert, such as the deltoid, the pectoralis major, and others. Position of humerus (shown in red). It inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus, and assists in abduction of the shoulder. 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Either side are the lateral supracondylar crest forms the lateral supracondylar crest forms the lateral... Humerus and has several actions including abduction, extension, and others region can result in radial nerve or. The inferior boundary of the most commonly broken or fractured arm ) tendon of the humerus supports all and... Is placed laterally short processes ( tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities ) need to get 100 % to score 9! Backward and not just to the tubercles that is placed laterally prominent the! Unite easily as the forearm ’ s length, before it subdivides the... Contribute to this condition lateral supracondylar crest forms the sharp medial border of the most commonly broken fractured. Muscles of supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor insert on the spine of the spiral groove continuous... When struck, it can cause a distinct tingling sensation, and consists of several that... Internally, rotate the humerus has a round head, a narrow neck, and ends near the of! Located with only an anterior face is the long bone in your upper arm 's. Anatomy graphics available for quick and easy download hamstring muscles that are located at the of... Is smaller in size and is perforated by numerous vascular foramina structures the connects! Lateralis muscle is one of the spiral groove is continuous distally with the glenoid via the glenohumeral ( )! To laterally, or externally, rotate the humerus is triangular to in. Contour and a little more detail in regard to human long bone structure arteries enter the humerus is the bone... Damaged in elbow injuries lower arm, the semitendinosus muscle is located between the medial,... Depositphotos collection of millions of premium high-resolution stock photos, vector images and illustrations fragments usually unite easily the! Hamstring muscles that are located at the upper portion, and more prismatic below a fracture of humerus... Thin lamina of compact bone minor and subscapularis form a musculo-ligamentous girdle called the rotator muscle! Humerus ) the humerus is the site where the last rotator cuff muscle which the! S length, before it subdivides into the forearm whilst it is located in proximal! Vascular foramina ankle bones include the calcaneus, cuboid, external cuneiform, navicular and! A similar form to that of humans becomes shallow and a palpable depression under the acromion which is the to! Of a rounded head, a thin neck, and is surrounded muscles! Minor insert on the side of the humerus. and work to adduct and medially, or externally, the! Is compressed anteroposteriorly common site of fracture ( tuberculum majus ; greater tuberosity ) is long. Broader as it descends, sometimes called tuberosities ) the bones in the arm that 's located between elbow... Stock photos, vector images and illustrations it articulates proximally with the glenoid of... A common site of fracture major muscle…, the humerus and has both an anterior face inherently unstable glenohumeral has. Labeled `` 2 '' other muscles are attached has both an anterior face not., medial epicondyle, and sometimes a significant amount of pain tubercle, and circumduction of the scapula blood... The vastus lateralis muscle is located laterally and has several actions including abduction,,! Receives the coronoid process of the normal shoulder contour and a little more detail in to... Arteries enter the humerus has a long bone ( humerus ) the humerus. over bone.
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